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first EF meeting Subject for sharing and discussions in EF: Read Also: Executive summary of the first EF CPR Common pool resources or common property resources (CPRs) – community pastures, forests, wastelands are an important form of natural resources endowment in rural areas. Broadly, CPRs are those used by an entire community without any exclusive individual ownership or access rights (Jodha 1985). CPRs such as pastures, wasteland and water sources contribute significantly in some areas to the livelihood of the poor people (Jodha 1996). CPRs, particularly in drier regions, are a major source of forage for livestock (world Bank 1999) owned by resource –poor people (Convey and Rangnekar 2000) The role of CPRs in semi- arid India is even more critical as they offer some cushioning to the rural poor during recurrent droughts. Common pool resources are not static but are characterized by large seasonal and year–to–year fluctuations in productivity, extent of exploitation, and role in poor people's livelihoods. CPR & Livelihoods: CPRs constitute an important component of the asset base of rural communities, especially of the rural poor. Some of the CPRs are used by some specific groups defined by gender, occupation and caste. Examples: The shepherds use the common land for grazing their sheep/goats, mining of clay from the CPR lands by potters. The productivity and diversity of CPRs to some extent determine how the CPRs are used and by whom. CPRs offer strong opportunity for income diversification to the rural poor. It is estimated that CPRs add about 12% to the household income of rural poor households. Rural livelihoods employing migration as a coping strategy have had both positive and negative influence on the status of CPRs. Dependence on external resources leads to ease in the pressure on CPRs. Increased earnings from external resources reduces the tendency to over exploit the CPRs. Migrating rural families often bring fresh dynamism, resources and skill in to the community. However, such a coping strategy might reduce peoples’ willingness to invest their resources in regenerating or conserving CPRs. CPR Management concepts and theory: Property rights assigned to a community or group of users are termed common property rights, the resource in question is referred as a common property resource, and the management arrangements described as a common property regime. Holding and managing property in common provides both opportunity and incentives for people to engage in collective action. Pages: Concerns issues and problems with regard to CPR in watershed projects Specific issues in ISPWDK Project with regard to CPR development in Forest and Revenue land |
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